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The word "Cossack" means a free and independent man. Cossacks were first mentioned in writing in 1492.
In the 16th century they united in a single military organization.
The first fortifications were built on Mala Khortysia Island,in the lower reaches of Dnieper, beyond the rapids.
The word "sich" comes from Ukrainian "sikty", meaning "to chop of" - cut,
because the Cossacks cut trees to make their fortification of wood.
Fighting for the independence of the native land was the main idea of the Cossack Sich.
The Ukranian Cossacks played an important role in European political history. 
In 1621 a Cossack host led in an alliance with Poland,
defeated the Turko-Tatar army and stopped the Ottoman Empire's onslaught in Europe.

Zaporozhian Sich was located in a protected nature areas.
It was surrounded by a moat and a 10-meter shaft on wich stoos a wooden palisade.
Insise the Sich was a square with a church and the pillory where the perpetrators were punished.
Around the square there were cossack houses, officers houses, arsenals, crafts and shops.
Cosacks lived in Sich and it surrounding became known as Sichovy Cossacks.
Sichovy Cossacks have lived separate and independent from any state community.

Ukraine had different relations with different nations.
Ukraine and Crimea were closely linked with the historical past .
Ukrainians and Tatars had very similar policies ,
                                             they had full religious freedom and similar economic structure.
Peaceful and allied relations beetween these peoples arose in the beginning of the 16th century.
At first, relations don't get sincere , however it didn't prevent from having economic links.
But now Criomean Tatars are struggling for justice on the Crimean peninsula, for which Ukraine respects them.

Everyone is proud of his or her history.
Our generation learnt "soft" history. We didn`t know much
about some regions in our country.
Last year I read a breathtaking book"Heather Honey"written by Nadiya Gumenyuk.
It describes the life of Volyn region.
The territory was under Poland then Russia control.
I didn`t even imagine the real situation there.
How much grief have the Ukrainians survive!
They are a great nation